bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) activity with a lag-time of 4-8 h and a maximum at 24 h at 0.001 mg /ml. Glucocorticoids (0.001 mM cortisol, 10 nM dexamethasone) enhance both the basal and LPS-stimulated D2 activity and mRNA accumulation. RU486 and sulfasalazine block the effects of lipopolysaccharide on both D2 activity and mRNA accumulation. In astrocytes, co-expression of p65 nuclear factor-kappaB with the 3.8 kb form of the rat dio2 promoter leads to a 7fold increase in the transcriptional activity
expression of the Dio1 gene is dependent on HNF4alpha expression, the Dio1 promoter is directly regulated by HNF4alpha, the Krüppel-like transcription factor 9, KLF9, functions together with HNF4alpha and GATA4 to synergistically activate the promoter through direct interaction between these transcriptional factors
increased local generation of triiodothyronine in prostate might be related to the differentiation, maturation that occurs at puberty, and, or, the energy expenditure associated with maintaining the secretory activity of the glandular epithelium
incubation (for 2-12 h at 37°C) of confluent primary cultures of astroglial cells, maintained in a chemically defined medium devoid of growth factors and hormones, with various concentrations of adenosine, AMP, ADP, ATP (highest activity at 0. 1 mM after 4 h), and a series of their analogues causes a marked induction of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activity (up to 30fold basal level). Preincubation of cells with all-trans-retinoic acid multiplies the inducing effect of the purines (up to 42fold increase of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase); all-trans retinoic acid itself enhances the activity of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase, and also of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase, only a little
substrate-dependent down-regulation, WSB-1-mediated ubiquitination inactivates the enzyme and targets it for proteasomal degradation, TEB4 interacts with the enzyme and mediates loss of activity and protein
there is no significant difference between the thyroidal type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase mRNA level in patients with with 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-predominant Graves' disease and that in patients with common type-Graves' disease
thyroidal type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase mRNA level and activity in patients with 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-predominant Graves' disease is significantly higher than that in patients with common type-Graves' disease
type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio2) is up-regulated in dilated cardiomyopathy mice hearts whereas the expression of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase remains unchanged. Dio2 gene expression is also markedly up-regulated in the mice hearts developing similar eccentric hypertrophy after myocardial infarction
ubiquitinated enzyme can be reactivated and rescued from proteosomal degradation by the von Hippel-Lindau protein-interacting deubiquitinating enzyme-1, TEB4 knockdown increases activity and protein level of iodothyronine deiodinase 2