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Literature summary for 1.2.1.19 extracted from

  • Zarei, A.; Trobacher, C.P.; Shelp, B.J.
    Arabidopsis aldehyde dehydrogenase 10 family members confer salt tolerance through putrescine-derived 4-aminobutyrate (GABA) production (2016), Sci. Rep., 6, 35115 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene ataldh10A8, recombinant expression of GFP-tagged enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana protoplast, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in in Escherichia coli Arabidopsis thaliana
gene ataldh10A9, recombinant expression of GFP-tagged enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana protoplast, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in in Escherichia coli Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information generation of a ataldh10A8 T-DNA-insertion mutant that has lower levels of GABA than wild-type plants in response to salinity treatment and are more prone to salinity stress Arabidopsis thaliana
additional information generation of a ataldh10A9 T-DNA-insertion mutant that has lower levels of GABA than wild-type plants in response to salinity treatment and are more prone to salinity stress Arabidopsis thaliana

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
additional information Michaelis-Menten kinetics Arabidopsis thaliana
0.0132
-
NAD+ with 4-aminobutanal, pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
0.0144
-
4-aminobutanal pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
0.0173
-
4-aminobutanal pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
0.0208
-
NAD+ with 3-aminopropanal, pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
0.0251
-
3-aminopropanal pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
0.0736
-
NAD+ with 3-aminopropanal, pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
0.086
-
NAD+ with 4-aminobutanal, pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
0.46
-
3-aminopropanal pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
chloroplast AtALDH10A8 is cytosolic, although the N-terminal 140 amino acid sequence of AtALDH10A8 localizes to the plastid and to the leucoplast Arabidopsis thaliana 9507
-
cytosol AtALDH10A8 is cytosolic, although the N-terminal 140 amino acid sequence of AtALDH10A8 localizes to the plastid and to the leucoplast Arabidopsis thaliana 5829
-
peroxisome
-
Arabidopsis thaliana 5777
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
3-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O Arabidopsis thaliana best substrate 3-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+
-
?
3-aminopropanal + NAD+ + H2O Arabidopsis thaliana best substrate 3-aminopropanoate + NADH + H+
-
?
4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O Arabidopsis thaliana
-
4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana Q9S795
-
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Q9STS1
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from in Escherichia coli by affinity chromatography Arabidopsis thaliana

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
leaf
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O best substrate Arabidopsis thaliana 3-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+
-
?
3-aminopropanal + NAD+ + H2O best substrate Arabidopsis thaliana 3-aminopropanoate + NADH + H+
-
?
4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O
-
Arabidopsis thaliana 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+
-
?
additional information maximal activity and catalytic efficiency are obtained with NAD+ and 3-aminopropanal, followed by 4-aminobutanal, negligible activity is obtained with betaine aldehyde. The betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase ADH10A8 acts as 4-aminobutanal dehydrogenase Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
ALDH10A8
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
ALDH10A9
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
AMADH
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
More cf. EC 1.2.1.8 Arabidopsis thaliana
NAD+-dependent aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase
-
Arabidopsis thaliana

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
22
-
assay at room temperature Arabidopsis thaliana

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
9.5
-
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
10.5
-
-
Arabidopsis thaliana

pH Range

pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
6.5 11 the enzyme retains approximately 20% of its maximal substrate-limited, 3-aminopropanal-dependent activity at pH 7.5 and is inactive at pH 6.5 Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+
-
Arabidopsis thaliana

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Arabidopsis thaliana AtALDH109 gene is expressed constitutively in Arabidopsis thaliana, although it has been reported to be weakly induced by salinity and dehydration up
Arabidopsis thaliana AtALDH10A8 gene is expressed constitutively in Arabidopsis thaliana, although it has been reported to be weakly induced by salinity and dehydration up

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution the enzyme is a member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 10 family Arabidopsis thaliana
malfunction root growth of single loss-of-function mutants is more sensitive to salinity than wild-type plants, and this is accompanied by reduced GABA accumulation Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function the enzyme shows maximal activity and catalytic efficiency with NAD+ and 3-aminopropanal, followed by 4-aminobutanal. Negligible activity is obtained with betaine aldehyde. NAD+ reduction is accompanied by the production of gamma-aminobutyrate, GABA, and beta-alanine, respectively, with 4-aminobutanal and 3-aminopropanal as substrates Arabidopsis thaliana

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
20
-
3-aminopropanal pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
40
-
NAD+ with 3-aminopropanal, pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
60
-
3-aminopropanal pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
60
-
NAD+ with 3-aminopropanal, pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
150
-
NAD+ with 4-aminobutanal, pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
260
-
NAD+ with 4-aminobutanal, pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
820
-
4-aminobutanal pH 9.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana
1030
-
4-aminobutanal pH 8.5, 22°C, recombinant enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana